Arduino Programming Language....

Arduino Programming Language is,

C++

Arduino programming language can be divided in three main parts: functions, values (variables and constants), and structure.

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FUNCTIONS

For controlling the Arduino board and performing computations.

Digital I/O

digitalRead() 
digitalWrite() 
pinMode() 

Analog I/O

analogRead() 
analogReference() 
analogWrite() 

Zero, Due & MKR Family

analogReadResolution() 
analogWriteResolution() 

Advanced I/O

noTone() 
pulseIn() 
pulseInLong() 
shiftIn() 
shiftOut() 
tone() 

Time

delay() 
delayMicroseconds() 
micros() 
millis() 

Math

abs() 
constrain() 
map() 
max() 
min() 
pow() 
sq() 
sqrt() 

Trigonometry

cos() 
sin() 
tan() 

Characters

isAlpha() 
isAlphaNumeric() 
isAscii() 
isControl() 
isDigit() 
isGraph() 
isHexadecimalDigit() 
isLowerCase() 
isPrintable() 
isPunct() 
isSpace() 
isUpperCase() 
isWhitespace() 

Random Numbers

random() 
randomSeed() 

Bits and Bytes

bit() 
bitClear() 
bitRead() 
bitSet() 
bitWrite() 
highByte() 
lowByte() 

External Interrupts

attachInterrupt() 
detachInterrupt() 

Interrupts

interrupts() 
noInterrupts() 

Communication

Serial 
Stream 

USB

Keyboard 
Mouse 

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VARIABLES

Arduino data types and constants.

Constants

HIGH | LOW 
INPUT | OUTPUT | INPUT_PULLUP 
LED_BUILTIN 
true | false 
Floating Point Constants 
Integer Constants 

Conversion

(unsigned int) 
(unsigned long) 
byte() 
char() 
float() 
int() 
long() 
word() 

Data Types

array 
bool 
boolean 
byte 
char 
double 
float 
int 
long 
short 
size_t 
string 
String() 
unsigned char 
unsigned int 
unsigned long 
void 
word 

Variable Scope & Qualifiers

const 
scope 
static 
volatile 

Utilities

PROGMEM 
sizeof() 

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STRUCTURE

The elements of Arduino (C++) code.

Sketch

loop() 
setup() 

Control Structure

break 
continue 
do...while 
else 
for 
goto 
if 
return 
switch...case 
while 

Further Syntax

#define (define) 
#include (include) 
/* */ (block comment) 
// (single line comment) 
; (semicolon) 
{} (curly braces) 

Arithmetic Operators

% (remainder) 
* (multiplication) 
+ (addition) 
- (subtraction) 
/ (division) 
= (assignment operator) 

Comparison Operators

!= (not equal to) 
< (less than) 
<= (less than or equal to) 
== (equal to) 
> (greater than) 
>= (greater than or equal to) 

Boolean Operators

! (logical not) 
&& (logical and) 
|| (logical or) 

Pointer Access Operators

& (reference operator) 
* (dereference operator) 

Bitwise Operators

& (bitwise and) 
<< (bitshift left) 
>> (bitshift right) 
^ (bitwise xor) 
| (bitwise or) 
~ (bitwise not) 

Compound Operators

%= (compound remainder) 
&= (compound bitwise and) 
*= (compound multiplication) 
++ (increment) 
+= (compound addition) 
-- (decrement) 
-= (compound subtraction) 
/= (compound division) 
^= (compound bitwise xor) 
|= (compound bitwise or)